Comparative analysis of gender disparity in academic positions based on U.S. region and STEM discipline. (2024)

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Autor/inn/enGalvin, Danielle J.; Anderson, Susan C.; Marolf, Chelsi J.; Schneider, Nikole G.; Liebl, Andrea L.
TitelComparative analysis of gender disparity in academic positions based on U.S. region and STEM discipline.
Gefälligkeitsübersetzung: Vergleichende Analyse der geschlechtsspezifischen Ungleichheit bei akademischen Positionen nach US-Region und MINT-Disziplin.
QuelleIn: PLOS ONE, 19 (2024) Art. 0298736, 14 S.
PDF als Volltext Comparative analysis of gender disparity in academic positions based on U.S. region and STEM discipline. (5) Comparative analysis of gender disparity in academic positions based on U.S. region and STEM discipline. (6) kostenfreie Datei Comparative analysis of gender disparity in academic positions based on U.S. region and STEM discipline. (7) Comparative analysis of gender disparity in academic positions based on U.S. region and STEM discipline. (8) Link als defekt meldenVerfügbarkeit
Spracheenglisch
Dokumenttyponline; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN1932-6203
DOI10.1371/journal.pone.0298736
SchlagwörterKultureinfluss; Frau; Erwerbstätigkeit; Berufliche Stellung; Befristeter Arbeitsvertrag; Unbefristeter Arbeitsvertrag; Akademikerberuf; Hochschullehrer; Akademiker; Geschlechterverteilung; Regionaler Vergleich; Mann; Deutschland
Abstract"Despite a move toward gender parity in the United States (U.S.) workforce, a large gender gap persists in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM); this is particularly true for academic (i.e., instructor and tenure track) STEM positions. This gap increases as women advance through the traditional steps of academia, with the highest degree of gender disparity in tenured positions. As policies, politics, and culture, which all contribute to gender equity across the world, vary across regions in the United States, we expect that the gender gap in STEM might also vary across geographic regions. Here, we evaluated over 20,000 instructor and tenure track positions in university STEM departments across the U.S. to evaluate whether and how the geographic region of a university might determine its proportion of women in STEM academic positions. Similar to previous research, regardless of geographic region, more men were employed in both tenure track and instructor positions across STEM fields. However, variation existed regionally within the U.S., with the Mountain region employing the lowest proportion of women in tenure track positions and the East North Central and Pacific regions employing the greatest proportion. We expect this regional variation could be caused by differences in state and local policies, regional representation, and mentorship, resulting in inconsistent support for women, leading to differences in work environments, hiring, and job retention rates across the country. A better understanding of which geographic areas within the U.S. have more equal distributions of women in the STEM field will help us to identify the specific mechanisms that facilitate more equal and inclusive opportunities for women and other underrepresented groups across all levels of STEM academia." The study refers to the period 2022-2022 (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku).
Erfasst vonInstitut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung, Nürnberg
Update2024/2

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Comparative analysis of gender disparity in academic positions based on U.S. region and STEM discipline. (2024)

FAQs

What is the gender disparity in STEM education? ›

They are particularly under-represented in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) education - women make up only 35% of STEM graduates, figure unchanged in ten years - and consequently, in STEM careers.

What is the gender disparity in education in the US? ›

Girls Getting Degrees

In 1970, just 12 percent of young women (ages 25 to 34) had a bachelor's degree, compared to 20 percent of men — a gap of eight percentage points. By 2020, that number had risen to 41 percent for women but only to 32 percent for men — a nine percentage–point gap, now going the other way.

What are some main sources of gender inequality in the US? ›

Gender Inequality Examples:
  • Gender inequality in girls education. Even before the pandemic, girls were more likely than boys to never set foot in a classroom and be denied equal opportunities. ...
  • Child marriage. ...
  • Gender-based violence. ...
  • Child labor.

Which region shows the biggest educational gender gap? ›

Ranking last in Educational Attainment, Sub-Saharan Africa has the widest gap to close, with a score of 88.9%.

What are the disparities in STEM jobs? ›

Women make up only 34% of the workforce in science, technology, engineering and math (STEM), and men vastly outnumber women majoring in most STEM fields in college. The gender gaps are particularly high in some of the fastest-growing and highest-paid jobs of the future, like computer science and engineering.

Why is gender diversity important in STEM? ›

Why Improving Gender Diversity in STEM Is Important. Gender diversity in the workplace has numerous benefits, including bringing new perspectives to STEM, filling gaps in a growing workforce with skilled workers, and growing the economy.

What are 2 examples of gender inequality? ›

15 Examples of Gender Inequality in Everyday Life
#Topic
12Women get worse healthcare
13Paternity leave is stigmatized
14Products for women cost more
15Women get trapped in car crashes more often
11 more rows

What are 3 factors that contribute to gender inequality? ›

Here are 10 causes of gender inequality:
  • #1. Uneven access to education. ...
  • #2. Lack of employment equality. ...
  • #3. Job segregation. ...
  • #4. Lack of legal protections. ...
  • #5. Lack of bodily autonomy. ...
  • #6. Poor medical care. ...
  • #7. Lack of religious freedom. ...
  • #8. Lack of political representation.

What is the meaning of gender disparity? ›

Differences in women's and men's access to resources, status and well-being, which usually favour men and are often institutionalised through law, justice and social norms.

How to solve gender inequality in education? ›

Organizations that encourage mentorships ensure that a female hire has the opportunity to thrive. All teachers want their students to succeed, but unconscious biases can cause them to favor boys or fail to give girls the support they need. Providing training for teachers may help.

What are the gender differences in academics? ›

Additionally, females are faster to graduate: 43.9% of females will complete college in 4-years compared to only 34.8% of males. Within 6 years, 61.9% of females will graduate, compared to 56.5% of males. College enrollment differences between the genders are striking.

What region has the most gender inequality? ›

Developing Asia is the region with the widest gaps. At the top, some of the region's countries, such as Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Singapore and the United Arab Emirates, do better than several developed nations. Africa remains the least gender-equal region.

What is gender bias in STEM? ›

Studying and working in STEM has been traditionally marketed as men's work. Systemic discrimination, unconscious bias, and sexual harassment can also prematurely ends women's STEM careers. In the United States, women are 47 percent of the employed civilian work force, but only 25 percent of the STEM work force.

What is the gender disparity in science and technology? ›

Their work is underrepresented in high-profile journals and they are often passed over for promotion. Women are typically given smaller research grants than their male colleagues and earn less recognition from their peers: only 12 per cent of members of national science academies are women.

Is there a gender equality paradox in STEM? ›

Gender-equality paradox in STEM. Fewer women are noted to major in STEM degrees in university in higher-income countries, with this decrease noted to occur between secondary and tertiary educational standard. In more gender-equal countries, there are greater disparities in degree subject choices.

What is unequal access to STEM education? ›

This gap begins in K-12 education and extends into higher education and the workforce. Differences in U.S. STEM achievement scores by socioeconomic status and race/ethnicity among students further highlight disparities in access and educational quality, according to the National Science Board.

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